Morris Cohen

/　　Metallurgist

1911 - 2005

Institute Professor Emeritus, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Event
Achievement Digest
Citation
Profile

Commemorative Lectures

Metallurgy and the Evolution of Materials Science and Engineering

1987

11 /11 Wed

Place：Kyoto International Conference Center

Script

Workshop

Research and Development for Advanced Materials

1987

11 /12 Thu

13:30 - 17:00

Place：Kyoto International Conference Center

Report

Achievement Digest

Fundamental Contribution to Development of New Materials Based on Creation of Broad and Basic Insights into the Metal Phase Transformation and Structure-Property Relationship

A leading researcher in metallurgy, who has created broad and basic new insights into phase transformation and structure-property relationships in materials and performed a leading role in the development of various materials such as the ultra-high strength steels in use today, the shape-memory alloy, and ceramic materials.

＊This field then was Field of Materials Science.

Citation

Dr. Morris Cohen began his professional work in 1973 as an assistant professor at MIT. He has devoted his life to education and research in materials science and engineering, particularly in physical metallurgy. And now, he is the preeminent academic leader in the field of materials science and engineering.

His research work has created broad and basic new insights into phase transformations and structure-property relationships in materials. He has played a seminal role in areas including the mechanism and kinetics of martensitic and bainitic transformations, tempering phenomena and strengthening mechanisms of ultra high strength steels, solid-state alloy thermodynamics, age hardening in alloys, deformation-enhanced diffusion, brittle fracture mechanisms in heterogeneous materials, mechanisms of strain hardening and dynamic recovery, strain-induced transformation and transformation plasticity, grain refinement mechanisms in microalloyed steels, and rapid solidification of crystalline alloys. His research not only laid the scientific groundwork for all of the ultra high strength steels in use today, but also is responsible for the advanced materials science that shape memory phenomena and transformation plasticity in metallic, ceramic, and biological systems.

Through his tireless activities, Dr. Cohen has inspired two generations of students and colleagues in the field of materials science and engineering. In addition, he has contributed extensively to international programs as well as national projects. He has already visited many countries to lecture and advise, and has been recognized by over 20 major international awards, honorary degrees, and professorships. His tremendous compassion, intellect, and energies have propelled him to the leadership position he now has.

Dr. Cohen, as a researcher and educator, is still continuing his works to bring them toward completion.

Profile

Biography

1911: Born in Chelsea, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
1933: Graduated from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
1936: Doctor of Science in Metallurgy, MIT
1937: Assistant Professor of Metallurgy, MIT
1941: Associate Professor of Metallurgy, MIT
1946: Professor of Physical Metallurgy, MIT
1962: Ford Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, MIT
1975: Institute Professor, MIT
1982: Institute Professor Emeritus, MIT

Selected Awards and Honors

1968: Gold Medal, American Society for Metals
1970: Gold Medal, Japan Institute of Metals
1971: Pierre Chevenard Medal, French Metallurgical Society
1977: National Medal of Science, Presidential Award
1986: Leadership Award, The Metallurgical Society of American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME)

Selected Publications

1962: The Strengthening of Steel, Trans. Met. Soc. AIME, 224, 1962
1970: Self-Diffusion During Plastic Deformation, Trans. JIM, 11 No.3, 1970.
1978: Materials and Mankind, Naval Research Reviews, XXXI No.10, 1978.
1982: Classical and Non Classical Mechanisms of Martensitic Transformations(G. B. Olson and M. Cohen), Proc. ICOMAT-82 J. de Physique 43, 1982.
1983: Rapid Solidification Processing and the Control of Structure/Property Relationships, Specialty Steels and Hard Materials(N. R. Comins and J. B. Clark), Eds., Pergamon Press, NY, 1983.

Profile is at the time of the award.